what metaphor did king use to reference the hopeless feelings of african-americans in the south?

Find Every Literary Term in Martin Luther King Jr.'s Almost Famous Speech

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. led a march on Washington, D.C. The spoken communication he gave that day is i of the all-time known in American history. When people remember the "I Have a Dream" voice communication, every bit it has come to exist known, they recollect Male monarch'due south bulletin about civil rights. But maybe the reason it is so memorable is because Male monarch was a master of literary and rhetorical devices. His give-and-take option matched the force of his message.

This lesson program allows students to review literary terms, rhetorical devices and figurative language with a scavenger hunt through "I Have a Dream" spoken language. Then you can take students discuss or write about the speech using the literary terminology. This lesson can exist modified to work well for everyone from students but learning about metaphor for the start time to AP students reviewing for their upcoming exams.

The Lesson Program

i. Review the post-obit literary terms. (Yous can choose equally many or equally few equally you'd like for your form to focus on for this lesson). If you click on the hyperlinked terms, you'll find definitions and individualized lesson plans that we've created for the term.

• Alliteration
• Allusion
• Anaphora
• Assonance
• Metonymy
• Hyperbole
• Parallelism
• Personification
• Simile
• Synecdoche

3. Requite each student a printed copy of the "I Take a Dream" spoken communication, which yous tin impress from here. Explicate to students that they'll be looking for the literary terms yous've reviewed.

4. Testify the video of the speech, and while students are watching, ask them to underline and characterization examples of literary terms that they notice. (You lot could even just focus on metaphors.)

five. Give students time in small groups to review the examples that they found and search for more. Yous could also make this a competition to see which group can observe the virtually examples of literary terms.

6. Review the findings as a class. Either concur a discussion about how King'southward utilise of these literary terms helped him to spread his message, or ask students to write an essay addressing that question.

Examples of Literary Terms in the "I Have a Dream Voice communication"

Ingemination
The repetition of sounds makes the speech more catchy and memorable.

In a sense we take come to our nation'southward capital to cash a check.

We cannot be satisfied as long every bit a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Northegro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. Northwardo, no…

I take a dream that my four little children will 1 day live in a nation where they will non be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

Allusion
By using a classic American President's speech and a famous African-American spiritual as bookends to the speech communication, he is demonstrating the equivalent worth of both cultures.

The speech begins with "Five score years agone…", a reference to the Gettysburg Accost and ends with the "words of the quondam Negro spiritual, 'Free at concluding! gratis at terminal! Give thanks God Omnipotent, nosotros are gratuitous at final!'"

Anaphora
This term describes the virtually famous function of the voice communication: King'south repetition of "I have a dream."

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and alive out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the cherry-red hills of Georgia the sons of erstwhile slaves and the sons of sometime slave owners volition exist able to sit downwardly together at the tabular array of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day fifty-fifty the land of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the estrus of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four piffling children will one day live in a nation where they will non be judged past the color of their peel but by the content of their grapheme.

One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the bondage of discrimination. Ane hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lone island of poverty in the midst of a vast sea of material prosperity. 1 hundred years afterwards, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own country.

Assonance
Like alliteration, assonance adds an element of musical poetry to the voice communication.

We must forever conduct our struggle on the loftier plane of dignity and discipline.

Extended Metaphor
King equates light with liberty through the speech. Here are two examples:

This momentous prescript came as a great beacon lite of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

Now is the fourth dimension to rise from the night and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.

In the tertiary and 4th paragraph, King plays with the extended metaphor of extending a check.

In a sense we take come up to our nation's upper-case letter to greenbacks a check… (This bank check metaphor continues)

A musical metaphor:

With this organized religion we volition be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.

In that location are many more metaphor examples. Could you find them all?

Metonymy
These places are not chosen at random. They correspond locations that were filled with racism at the time. For instance, the KKK had just resurged in Stone Mountain.

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!
Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!
Let freedom ring from every colina and molehill of Mississippi.

Hyperbole
We could phone call this example hyperbole, because Rex is using lots of "alls" and "every"due south. But this hyperbole belies a seriousness; he believes that true justice volition only come when every person believes in freedom for all.

And when this happens, when we permit freedom to ring, when we permit it ring from every hamlet and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed upwards that twenty-four hour period when all of God'southward children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will exist able to join hands and sing.

Parallelism
If you ever desire to jazz up a oversupply, use some parallelism in your sentences. Information technology volition make people set to fight…peacefully, of course. It also makes the lines memorable, and perhaps represents the equality of the people fighting together.

Go dorsum to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation tin can and volition be inverse.

With this organized religion we will be able to piece of work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand for freedom together, knowing that nosotros volition be costless one day.

Personification
King is casting American society equally a person who has washed African-Americans incorrect. He believes that people who are fighting for ceremonious rights aren't fighting a person, simply rather a organization.

Information technology is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory annotation insofar every bit her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come up back marked "insufficient funds."

Simile
This simile demonstrates the ability of justice and righteousness, as well every bit the conventionalities that equality is a natural thing. Information technology's also one of the well-nigh famous lines of the spoken language.

No, no, we are non satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls downwardly like waters and righteousness similar a mighty stream.

Synecdoche
By representing people as bodies or flesh, King is reminding his audience of that the issues they're currently facing are related to their pare color.

We can never be satisfied, as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.

I accept a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be fabricated depression, the crude places will be made apparently, and the crooked places will exist made direct, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

Could yous find other literary terms? Share them in the comments!

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